Gospel of Matthew: Follow That Star!

Edward Burne-Jones, Star of Bethlehem

Matthew 2:1-12

One of the favorite things I learned recently when reading up on the pagan prophet Balaam is that he prophesied the star of Bethlehem. We see this time and again. God uses everyone and anyone in order to work for the good of us all and our salvation. Even a pagan prophet who doesn't know enough to listen to his talking ass! (Numbers 22-24)

I always figured that star was a bonus, tied into ancient expectations about the symbols which accompanied a king. And that is also true. But to see it tied into Balaam's prophecy is really wonderful. Then looking at how that story foreshadows the events of Jesus' birth, as we're shown below ... well it just keeps getting better and better.

The account of the magi following a star and searching for a king underscores Jesus' kingship by recalling the prophecy of Balaam in Nm 24. In this episode the Moabite king, Balak, called upon a seer named Balaam to pronounce a curse on Israel. However, each time Balaam tried to curse Israel God took control of his speech and words of blessing came out of his mouth instead. In his last attempt to curse Israel, the Spirit of God came upon him and he prophesied about a future king arising out of Israel. According to this oracle, a star would be the sign of the great king's arrival (Num 24:17).

All this foreshadows the events associated with Herod, the magi, and the birth of Jesus. Just as Balak sought to use the pagan seer Balaam to destroy Israel, so Herod seeks to use the pagan magi to destroy the Christ child. And just as Balaam failed to cooperate with the king's plan, uttering blessings instead of curses, so the magi fail to assist Herod in his plot to destroy Jesus, paying the child homage instead of reporting his location to Herod.

Quote is from Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture. This series first ran in 2008. I'm refreshing it as I go. 

Tiffany Pitcher

Tiffany and Company Pitcher, New York City, 1878
Public domain, courtesy of The Art Institute of Chicago

An asymmetrical water scene, realized through a combination of hammering, engraving, and applied metal elements, wraps around the body of this pitcher. The vignette was almost certainly inspired by the work of Katsushika Hokusai, a Japanese artist known for his dynamic woodblock prints of the natural world. Tiffany and Company’s design library included three volumes of Hokusai’s work, many featuring the same graceful irises, enlivened dragonflies, and splashing carp visible on this pitcher.

A Great Beginning to a Catholic History Series: The Church and the Roman Empire by Mike Aquilina

The Church and the Roman Empire (301–490)

Constantine, Councils, and the Fall of Rome

by Mike Aquilina

This brand new history series is just what I've been wanting — truthful Catholic history that's easy to read and that busts some of the ubiquitous myths about Catholicism. Author Mike Aquilina keeps the history easy to understand while adding depth to the bits that I already knew ... or thought I knew.

Occasional "Up Close and Personal" boxes showcase different personalities or aspects of Christianity from that time, such as looking at the Catholic bishop before Patrick or listing five who chucked everything for a life of solitude. "You Be the Judge" boxes examine common questions and set the record straight on topics like "Didn't Christianity harm the status of women?" or "Do Christians exaggerate the persecutions?"

One of Aquilina's strengths is the way that he makes the scenes come alive. Here's a bit from the Council of Nicaea.

It was a grand spectacle to see so many bishops at once, and the general public filled the spectators' areas to listen to some of the preliminary debates. Even pagan philosophers joined the fun—some out of genuine curiosity, others to make fun of the Christians. People from town came just to see the parade of bishops of all nations. Even Scythia, exotic land of barbarian cowboys, and Persia, traditional enemy of Rome for generations, were represented. ...

And of course everyone wanted a glimpse of the two men who had started the whole uproar, Arius and Alexander. Alexander, a frail old man who needed help to get around, was a bit of a disappointment, although his young archdeacon and assistant Athanasius looked like a man to watch. But Arius was a rock star. he was tall, a good speaker, and a very thoughtful-looking man. Fangirls followed him wherever he went. He must have something to say.

It really makes me feel the excitement in the air. Very much not the way I usually think of the Council of Nicaea!

Highly recommended. I can't wait for the other books in the series to be published.

Gospel of Matthew: Jesus' Family Tree

Having recently been focusing on the prophets, for a book that will be coming out next year, it seemed natural to look at Matthew mostly because he is so good at quoting the Old Testament and reminding us to ponder the whole Bible. So I'm gonna take you along for the ride. This won't be any sort of comprehensive study. Just some of the interesting things I find on the way.

Rose window in Basilica of Saint-Denis, France,
depicting the ancestors of Jesus from Jesse onwards

Matthew 1:1-17
Ah yes, that interminable genealogy at the beginning of Matthew. Like me, you may have come across various explanations as to why particular people are included, their significance to Jesus' message to us, and why the thing is so darned long.

The ancient Jews loved genealogies. Every name called a story to mind and pointed to a particular part of salvation history. It has a theological content but also shows that these were real people and that Jesus broke into real time and history. So if you're telling the story of the Son of God coming to earth, wouldn't you start with where he fits in salvation history?

Two names in particular stand out from the very beginning. Jesus is called the "son of David" which reminds us of the promise God made that the Messiah would come from the line of David and establish a kingdom that would endure forever. Jesus is also called the "son of Abraham" which reminds us of God's promise that Abraham's descendants would become a great nation and that all nations would find blessing through his family. In Jesus these promises are fulfilled, Matthew is telling us.

Most interesting to me is the inclusion of four women in the genealogy — Tamar, Rahab, Ruth, and Bathsheba. It isn't unprecedented, but it is unusual. Especially when you consider that they are all Gentiles and three of them are associated with sexual immorality. Yet, they are specifically called out for our attention among Jesus' ancestry.

Matthew thus selects three of the most prominent Gentile women in the ancestral line of David along with the most famous of David's wives to highlight how Gentile blood flowed into the royal line of David. This underscores God's concern for Gentiles, demonstrating that he brought them into the story of Israel even in the Old Testament. It also lays a foundation for the universal mission of Jesus' kingdom, which will gather Gentiles into God's covenant family ...

All that in one genealogy! Which I'd have skipped without the commentary to show me what I was missing by not paying attention.

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Quote is from Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture: Gospel of Matthew. This series first ran in 2008. I'm refreshing it as I go.

This Just In: The Day is Now Far Spent by Cardinal Robert Sarah

Christians are trembling, wavering, doubting. I want this book to be for them To tell them: do not doubt! Hold fast to doctrine! Hold fast to prayer! I want this book to strengthen faithful Christians and priests.

I ordered this book as soon as I heard about it. I liked Cardinal Sarah's previous books, especially God or Nothing. This one looked like the shot of inspiration and support that I have been craving in the midst of the Church's crisis. I've only read the introduction but am already heartened.

The whole intro is available as a sample from Amazon and I urge you to read it.

Sources for Gospel of Matthew Bible Study

The last time we looked at the Gospel of Matthew together it was 2008!

So we're way past time to take a second look at some of the things that bring Matthew alive for me. Here are my favorite resources. I may not quote all of these, but I'll have looked through them and over the years they have added to my overall knowledge.

Simone Cantarini , St. Matthew and the Angel

The Navarre Bible: Matthew
The Navarre commentaries are consistently excellent and have a lot of thoughts from Church Fathers, Popes, saints, and the Catechism. They add wisdom from the 2,000 years of Church contemplation on scripture since Jesus.

Life Application Study Bible: New International Version
This Protestant Bible is an interesting resource. The footnotes are fresh, interesting, and a good resource for historical questions such as how threshing was done when Ruth met Boaz for example. They also have maps and occasional one page essays about main figures of the Bible. There is a tendency to ask questions at the end of commentary such as, "Do you listen to God like this person, etc.?" which I find rather annoying but they may not strike everyone that way. I would advise the NIV version as I have been told that translation is more accurate than the New Living Translation.

Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture: The Gospel of Matthew
The structure is such that you are generally covering just a little scripture at a time. Each reading is followed with cross references to the Old Testament, New Testament, Catechism, and Liturgy. These are followed by the commentary, in which words from the scripture reading are bold whenever they are used. Although I saw some people complaining about that practice, I found it useful. Sometimes a bold word would make me suddenly pay attention and go back to the scripture, thinking, "Did it really say that? Why haven't I ever noticed before?"

There are also a few maps, occasional photos when they'd be helpful, and sidebar boxes with Biblical background and living tradition (Catechism, Fathers of the Church, saints) information that enriches understanding.

In Conversation with God by Francis Fernandez
A daily devotional that follows the daily Mass readings. Topics range from the sacraments and virtues to family interaction and friendship. The sensible and down-to-earth writing is enhanced by quotes from saints, Church Fathers, popes, cross-references with other scripture than in the day's readings, Church documents, etc. I've been using this for 20 years off and on.  Full review here.

The Word on Fire Bible: The Gospels
From the Word on Fire ministries headed by Bishop Robert Barron, this is a commentary bible loaded with observations from the Church Fathers, newer Catholic writers like Fulton Sheen and G.K. Chesterton, and Bishop Barron himself. The primary purpose is evangelization of those not affiliated with organization or Christianity and poses the question throughout of "Who is God? and "Who is Jesus Christ?"

Opening the Scripture series: Bringing the Gospel of Matthew to Life
This is the one that I used for my first Gospel of Matthew series of posts, way back in 2008. It's still good. Read my full review here.

Ignatius Matthew Study Bible
This has since been gathered into the Ignatius Study New Testament by Scott Hahn and Curtis Mitch. I already had it in this individual little book. The commentary is excellent, as one would expect.

Word Among Us
Available in print or digital format, this monthly magazine has the daily Mass readings with a little commentary. There are also a few articles covering the monthly theme.

The Daily Study Bible Series — The Gospel of Matthew, Revised Edition
I'm a real fan of William Barclay's commentaries on the New Testament books. Barclay's strengths are his phenomenal knowledge of the Greek language, the Jewish culture and religion, and the Roman occupation during the New Testament era. He is wonderful at conveying this knowledge in a way that simple and easily understandable. He puts it in context so that you can understand what events meant to the people to whom Jesus spoke to 2,000 years ago.

However, I have to always include this caveat when mentioning William Barclay ... his theology can be very wonky if you are Catholic. For example, his commentary on the gospels with nativity stories include a number of reasons Jesus' virgin birth didn't necessarily have to be virgin. Sorry. That's really nonnegotiable. He also often includes pointed commentary about why Roman Catholic teachings are wrong. So there's that ...

But if one reads with a knowledgeable eye, Barclay's work is really wonderful.

NOTE: the recently revised versions (1990s and beyond) have been heavily edited to be more politically correct. I'm not sure what that has done to Barclay's original work so I just go with the second revision, done under Barclay's eye. I'm not so thin skinned that I can't stand a little old fashionedness.

Being Mortal: Medicine and What Matters in the End by Atul Gawande

The simple view is that medicine exists to fight death and disease, and that is, of course, its most basic task. Death is the enemy. But the enemy has superior forces. Eventually, it wins. And in a war you cannot win, you dn't want a general who fights to the point of total annihilation. You don't want a Custer. You want Robert E. Lee, someone who knows how to fight for territory that can be won and how to surrender it when it can't, someone who understands that the damage is greatest if all you do is battle to the bitter end.

This is about the conversation no one wants to have — as we grow older and frailer or face incurable disease (no matter our age) — how do we cope? What should we ask our doctors and our loved ones in order to try to ensure the best outcome, under circumstances in which "complete cure" may not be possible? This book looks at all sorts of situations, from the person in a senior care home who needs a sense of purpose to a young mother with terminal cancer.

I read this at the urging of my daughter whose book club had discussed it. As other reviewers have noted it can be depressing. However, so are some of the circumstances in which we may find ourselves by the end of our lives. It is worth pushing through to the end because author Atul Gawande works through the physical difficulties of aging and disease to look at what makes us have our best days. I especially appreciated the questions he asks to help people identify what's most important to them when their world has narrowed because they are on their way out of it. How do we finish our story in the way that is most meaningful to us?

At the end I was in tears, but they were good tears. This is a thoughtful and honest book which I wholeheartedly recommend.

Camille Monet and a Child

Camille Monet and a Child in the Artist’s Garden in Argenteuil
Claude Monet, 1875
via WikiPaintings

There is a lot of information about the painting at the link, but nothing about what I love most in this painting — the child's rapt concentration on the book. That is so lifelike, so what I know from being around little ones and I love the way Monet is able to evoke it.

Aliens and working at a fevered pitch

What you need to know before reading this: Gwedif is an alien. The narrator is human.

Gwedif pulled up to me as we walked. "I wish we had more time," he said. "This happened with Carl too. Barely time for introductions, and then off to decide the fate of our peoples. If nothing else, we've learned that you humans thrive on crisis."

"Anything worth doing is worth doing at a fevered pitch," I said.

"I don't know about that," Gwedif said. "I think the first place I'll go when I visit your planet—really visit your planet, I mean, not that little trip I took earlier—I think I'll go visit a monastery. Those people seem to have the right idea. Slow meditative spiritual contemplation."

"I think most of the monasteries these days are either making chant CDs or boutique wines," I said.

"Really?" Gwedif said. "Well, hell. What is it with you people?"

John Scalzi, Agent to the Stars

Garden at Sainte-Adresse

Garden at Sainte-Adresse ("Jardin à Sainte-Adresse"), 1867, Claude Monet

Christ’s Baptism by John by Woonbo Kim Ki-chang

“Christ’s Baptism by John”  by Woonbo Kim Ki-chang, via J.R.'s Art Place

I really love the portrayal of Jesus in different cultures. Also, check out those angels! Simply wonderful. The common elements and the cultural adaptations show the universality and personal connection of Christ with the world and each of us. And it pulls me closer too.

Check the Korea Times article for info about the artist and his work. See many more of his paintings, including portrayals of Christ at artnet.

The Abyss and the Bridge to God

To confess your sins to God is not to tell him anything he doesn't already know. Until you confess them, however, they are the abyss between you. When you confess them, they become the bridge.

Frederick Buechner

So perfectly worded.

The Only Plane in the Sky: An Oral History of 9/11 by Garrett M. Graff

I was drawn to this book because I have sensed the lessening of feeling in observing the anniversary of September 11 as the years have gone on. This is natural, as I know from my own lack of interest in Pearl Harbor Day which was so long before I was born. However, 9/11 wasn't quite 20 years ago and I still feel vivid remembrance every year. So I was really interested when I read a review in the paper, featuring excerpts of the people's oral stories which make up the text.

By presenting people's experiences in chronological order, with no other commentary other than that needed to place a context for orientation, this is that unusual creation - an unbiased history. They are grouped in logical sequences so that a section from people evacuating the North Tower will be followed by a section from firefighters gearing up and then one from air traffic controllers struggling to understand what just happened. In this way, the sequence of events unfolds so that the day begins to make sense in a way it didn't when events were unfolding before our eyes.

I was fascinated by the parts behind the scenes such as on Air Force One or the air traffic controllers or inside reporters thoughts, which were new to me. But the entire thing was gripping and conveyed the reality of just what an act of war that terrorist attack was - in a way that I couldn't take in when I was one of those watching in confused horror on that fateful day, struggling to come to grips with what was happening.

This book brought back my familiar feelings from that time while stitching together events and giving me the broader understanding through which I could both understand better and honor more fully the incredible losses and heroism we experienced. All through using only these oral testimonies. Extraordinary.

ALSO: My daughter Rose commented that the description sounded like the style used in World War Z by Max Brooks. That hadn't occurred to me but she's right, it is very similar.

Matthew Bible Study - Index

MATTHEW

• Sources
• 1:1-17 - Jesus' Family Tree
• 2:1-12 - Follow That Star
• 2:13-18 - When Life Takes Unexpected Turns
• 3:13-17 - Allow It Now
• 3:1-2 - Come to the desert to be baptized in the Jordan
• 4:1-11 - Being Tempted Through Our Gifts
• 4:1-11 - Each Temptation Building on the Previous One
• 5:15 - A Lamp in the Hand of God and Stained Glass
• 5:17-18 - "Do not think that I have come to abolish the law or the prophets"
• 5:20-21 - No Room for Righteous Anger
• 7:24-29 - Building on Rock
• 8:5-13 - Jesus Was Amazed
• 8:21-22 - Let the Dead Bury Their Own Dead
• 8:23-27 - Keeping Our Faith During the Storm
• Matthew's Resume
• 8:28-34 - Why Jesus' Exorcisms Were Unique
• 9:1-8 - Struck with Awe
• 9:9-13 - Sharing a Meal with Sinners
• 9:36 — Gut-Wrenching Compassion
• 10:26-33 - Everyone Who Acknowledges Me
• 12:14 - The Irony of the Pharisees' Decision
• 13:9-11, 15-22: The Cockle of False Doctrine
• 14:22-33 - Rowing into a Headwind in the Darkness
• 16:13-18 - Who Do You Say That I Am?
• 16:20-23 - Get behind me, Satan!
• 16:20-23 - Get behind me, Satan! Continued.
• 17:1-8 - Transfiguration: The Cloud
• 17:1-8 - Transfiguration: Parallel to the Execution 
• 25:1-13 - Oil for Our Lamps
• 25:14-30 - Self-Protective Lovelessness
• 26: 20-25 - Love's Last Appeal to Judas
• 26:57-58, 69-75 - Peter's Staggering Honesty and Heroic Courage
• 28:16-20 - Back in the Beginning, A Very Good Place to Start
  

It's the little things that give joy

Well Said: To learn who rules over you ...

To learn who rules over you, simply find out who you are not allowed to criticize.

Kevin Strom

Ouch! The ones who I'm not allowed to criticize probably wouldn't like that. But maybe they don't recognize themselves. They're too busy telling us who we should be nicer to.

Colorful Bog

Colorful Bog, Remo Savisaar

Another one from Remo Savisaar. I just couldn't resist this fairy land looking image. Click through on the link to see it larger.

Playful Red Fox Kit

Playful Red Fox Kit, Remo Savisaar

Isaac Asimov and Me

People who think they know everything area a great annoyance to those of us who do.

Isaac Asimov

Gee, I never realized Isaac Asimov and I had so much in common.

Chop Suey

Edward Hopper, Chop Suey