So it was with great interest that I came across this when reading Catholicism for Dummies.
Since Vatican II, however, the content and context of the document determines the degree of authority and not just the type of papal document. If the pope intents to definitely teach the universal Church on a matter of faith or morals, then that is his supreme authority as head of the Church being expressed. When John Paul II issued his Apostolic Letter Ordinatio Sacerdotalis in 1994, he officially declared that the Catholic Church has no power to ordain women. Ordinatio Sacerdotalis was not an ex cathedra papal statement, but it's part of the Ordinary Magisterium, and thus, according to the Prefect for the Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, the teaching is infallible.Kind of ironic that it was Vatican II that made that possible, isn't it?
I also liked that the book goes on to point out that encyclicals are equally infallible.
Encyclicals are the routine, day-to-day, consistent teaching of the Ordinary Magisterium, which is equally infallible when it concerns faith and morals and reiterates the constant, consistent and universal teaching of the popes and bishops. Their content requires religious submission of mind and will of faithful Catholics around the world. So-called dissent from papal teaching in encyclicals isn't a part of Catholic belief. The Catholic faithful willfully conform to papal teaching and don't dispute it.Which links quite nicely with this article from the Boston Globe. It asks the question, "Should liberals leave the Church?" I have seen various positions around St. Blog's parish, the most popular being that the liberals should change their positions to agree with Church teachings. I agree and that is my prayer for them.
However, if they really, truly believe that the Church is wrong on these fundamental issues then they are being untrue to their consciences to stay in the Church, as St. Thomas Aquinas pointed out. In many cases, they do not want to fully consider the Church's position, history, and teachings on these issues. In which case, they are in the wrong place purely from the point of view of furthering their own relationship with God, to say nothing of the discord they are bringing to everyone else ... and they should go.
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